The contention principle differed significantly between the roles of defenders and forwards (H = -1192; p = 0.003) and also between defenders and midfielders (H = -1613; p = 0.001). Finally, a tactical awareness cultivated through training, based on the game's principles, aids coaches and players in comprehending and anticipating the actions of each player during the game.

Chinese enthusiasts have consistently favored cycling, particularly during the years in which the government promoted and encouraged eco-friendly modes of transportation. A multitude of people engage in rides, intending to alleviate traffic congestion and simplify the act of transferring. learn more Cycling's unpredictable, flood-like character frequently results in collisions and disagreements with other road users. Adolescents, known for their strong sense of curiosity and proclivity for risk-taking, are vulnerable on the roads. By pinpointing the causes behind aggressive riding behavior in adolescents, we can develop effective interventions to curb this issue. Students at a middle school in Guangzhou, China, were surveyed online to collect data about their bicycling. Examining travel patterns and adolescent risky actions has leveraged the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and the prototype willingness model (PWM). To scrutinize the correlation between psychological factors and aggressive behavior in teenagers, we adopted the Theory of Planned Behavior, the Protection Motivation Theory, a combined Theory of Planned Behavior and Protection Motivation Theory framework, and an overarching model. Perceived behavioral control, attitudes, and subjective norms collectively exert a considerable influence on behavioral intentions. Both the observed practices and moral codes exerted an influence on behavioral readiness. In comparison to the TPB model, the integrated model showcased an enhanced behavioral variance explanation, amounting to 183% more. The behavioral impact of social reactions was more substantial than that of a rational approach.

Livestreaming commerce has become a widespread and significant part of e-commerce in recent times. The distinguishing factor between livestreaming commerce and traditional e-commerce is the presence of the live streamer. learn more However, the substantial contribution of streamer trust in the given setting is rarely explored in research. This research project, leveraging the cognitive-affective-conative (C-A-C) approach, constructed a model to examine the factors leading to streamer trust and its effect on consumer buying intentions. Through a survey, we found (1) antecedents, including engagement, informational value, personal impulsiveness, and attitudes towards live-streaming shopping, are positively associated with streamer trust; (2) this streamer trust is positively correlated with consumer purchasing intent; (3) the perceived value of live-streaming moderates the effects of engagement and information, but not those of personal impulsiveness or attitudes toward live-streaming shopping. A discourse encompassing both theoretical and practical aspects is presented.

Confirmed by existing research, consumer innovativeness is crucial for adopting innovations, but the relationship between fitness-related innovativeness, post-adoption behavior, and the moderating role of consumer efficacy beliefs in fitness contexts is less understood. Using the context of fitness services, this study analyzes how other-efficacy moderates the association between fitness players' usage patterns (usage variety and frequency), use innovativeness, and revisit intention. Using a diffusion model, this study explores the evolution of concepts. Empirical testing of the proposed hypotheses utilizes fitness players from a public sports center. learn more Quantitative data analysis relied on 205 valid questionnaires that were obtained. Evidence suggests a direct link between the fitness player's innovative approach and the diversity and frequency of their exercise routines, with the effectiveness of their training partner serving to positively influence their workout habits and willingness to return. Fitness customer segments are defined by their level of fitness innovation, use, and the impact of their training partners, resulting in four distinct categories. The managerial ramifications of each segment are subsequently detailed.

Lockdowns and school closures, a significant component of Chile's COVID-19 mitigation strategy, lasted almost two years, primarily impacting children. Mounting evidence suggests that lockdowns have had several negative consequences for children; this research, therefore, intends to explore the sustained effects of COVID-19 lockdowns on Chilean students' objective motor abilities and their perception of motor competency. Using a sequential cohort design, the study assessed 523 fifth-grade students (468% female, average age 11.11 years, SD = 0.66) across nine elementary schools, gathering data in 2018-19 (pre-lockdown, n = 265) and 2022 (post-lockdown, n = 258). In the domain of object control (AMC and PMC), there were no statistically noteworthy discrepancies (AMC p = 0.559; PMC p = 0.682). Regarding self-movement, the key differences between AMC and PMC presented a slight impact (AMC p = 0.0044, η² = 0.001; PMC p = 0.0001, η² = 0.003). While the observed variations weren't significant, the self-movement capabilities of individuals were substantially influenced by the lockdowns enforced during the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic's consequences for students' physical activity and overall health are explored in greater depth through these findings.

The connection between parenting and teenage gratitude is substantial, but studies that dive deep into the direct relationship between specific parental behaviors and teenagers' feelings of gratitude are not common. To explore the role of parental rejection in adolescent gratitude, 357 high school students were surveyed using questionnaires. Observational findings showed a negative correlation between parental rejection and adolescent gratitude; parental rejection was found to significantly and negatively predict adolescent gratitude. Further analysis, controlling for age and gender, indicated an indirect influence of parental rejection on gratitude through adolescents' perceived responsibility and belief in a just world, respectively. These outcomes highlighted the significance of personal accountability and a belief in a just world in countering the negative influence of parental rejection on the gratitude levels of teenagers.

Counselors and scholars are demonstrating an escalating interest in the literature pertaining to male rape victims, in contrast to the more established literature concerning female victims. This article is dedicated to surveying the expanding body of knowledge concerning male sexual assault survivors. A detailed literature review on male sexual assault victims will be conducted, dissecting nine specific areas: (a) an overview of the phenomenon of male sexual assault, (b) countering prevailing rape myths about men, (c) establishing prevalence rates of male victimization, (d) examining responses to male victimization, (e) categorizing victim and perpetrator demographics, (f) identifying risk factors, (g) assessing reporting patterns, (h) analyzing the impact of sexual assault on male victims, (i) investigating help-seeking behaviors, and (j) evaluating counseling implications. Case reports, empirical studies, and books are all considered in the review process.

Employing relief theory and similarity attraction theory, this study seeks to understand how leader humor impacts employee creativity, mediated through employees' perceptions of workload, occupational coping self-efficacy, and similarity with their leader, which may act as a moderator. Data acquisition relied on an online survey, containing matched questionnaire data from 351 employees and their immediate managers in China. The study, employing SPSS 26 and Mplus 70 software, found that: (1) Leader humor has a notable positive effect on employee creativity; (2) Employees' perceived workload and occupational coping self-efficacy mediate the positive relationship between leader humor and creativity; (3) Similarity perception negatively moderates the impact of leader humor on perceived workload, and positively moderates its impact on occupational coping self-efficacy. These conclusions, beyond corroborating and supplementing previous research on the relationship between leader humor and employee creativity during the COVID-19 period, furnish valuable insights into managerial practices for boosting employee creativity and reducing workload, focusing on the impact of leadership humor.

While studies on the effect of internet use on political participation are plentiful, analyses focusing on the association between online network group engagement and the intent to participate politically in contemporary China are scarce. This relationship warrants detailed discussion, as it provides a fresh approach to analyzing media mobilization theory, notably within online network groups, and may lead to novel means of mobilizing a wider segment of the population for political involvement when this relationship assumes significance. Through the utilization of online network groups, this study endeavors to determine the predictability of Chinese citizens' political participation intentions. This study, leveraging the 2019 China Social Survey data, utilizes hierarchical logistic regression methodology. Predictive online network groups related to political participation intention are, according to the research, concentrated in the category of emotional connections. Among online network groups, although a positive link to political participation intent is prevalent, those joining these particular groups display a substantially lower capacity for creating this political participation desire than those who do not. Social relations, alongside the virtual connections forged by online communication technology, and the impact of social groups, can delineate the correlation amongst them.